Malcolm X

An excerpt from a discussion between Malcolm X and Robert Penn Warren on guilt and innocence.

On the religion, segregation, the civil rights movement, violence, and hypocrisy.

From white supremacists to black activists, readers have sought moral legitimacy in Milton’s epic poem.

“This isn’t about being for one group or against another. It’s about basic human rights.”

The civil-rights mastermind was sidelined by his own movement. Now he’s back in the spotlight. What can we learn from his strategies of resistance?

In Hip hop’s “golden era,” the period from 1987 to 1994, rappers used their platforms to bring attention to issues plaguing poor and working-class Black communities.

Alex Haley’s transcript of his famous 'Playboy' interview with Martin Luther King Jr. does not match what was published.

The Christian, the athlete, and the activist.

From MLK to Obama, advancers for civil rights were driven by their fatherhood and dreams of better life for their own children.

Stuart compares the shared values of Christian nationalists and the Nation of Islam in the 1960's and today.

The official newspaper of the Nation of Islam—published from 1960-1975—combined investigative journalism and Black Nationalist views on racial uplift.

Fidel Castro's visit to Harlem at the intersection of two themes that shaped the 1960s: the Black freedom struggle and global protest during the Cold War.

On the 75th anniversary of the A-bomb, a Japanese-American writer speaks to one of the last living survivors.

He was a revolutionary, if one committed to nonviolence. But nonviolence does not exhaust his philosophy.

Despite Freedom of Information requests throughout the years, New York still will not release records to the public.

James Baldwin's dispatch from MLK's funeral foreshadowed an America we may never escape.

His work with gang members in Chicago shows how much he valued the part played by young people in the Black freedom struggle.

On black leadership and interracial heroism during the Cold War.

In 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. outlined a strategy to expose official brutality. Anti-ICE protesters are following it—and it’s working.

The story of Audley Moore, “one of the most important activists and theorists of the twentieth century.”